Appearance: Compact, medium-sized dog with odd physical traits: broad 'hippopotamus' muzzle, blue-black tongue, small sunken eyes (scowling expression), tiny triangular ears, abundant loose skin folds (head, neck, shoulders), tapered high-set tail. Harsh, sandpaper-like coat ('sand skin').

Traits & Characteristics: Ancient pedigree, steadfastly loyal to family, standoffish with strangers. Strong, regal, independent guardians; famous for intelligence/loyalty. Suspicious of strangers/other dogs. Serene, but meet threats with tenacity/vigor. Require early training/socialization.

Origins: Ancient China.